Alzheimer's Disease:

What is Alzheimer's disease ?

Alzheimer's is a type of dementia.

Dementia affects people's memory, personality and ability to think clearly.

Brain functions start to fail slowly.

It is more common in older people but it is not a normal part of the ageing process.

Who can get Alzheimer's ?

Alzheimer's is uncommon in the under 60s but affects up to 1 in 5 people over the age of 80.

Alzheimer's can run in the family, but the risk of inheriting the disease is thought to be low: anyone can develop it.

What causes Alzheimer's ?

The cause is not fully understood.

Research has shown that some of the symptoms stem from the way messages are passed in the brain.

Further research is ongoing.

What are the symptoms ?

Gradual loss of memory (typically for recent events)

Inability to think clearly

Change in personality

Speech becomes less clear

Increased difficulty in performing tasks

In advanced stages the person may be unaware of their surroundings and unable to recognise the people close to them

Are tests needed ?

It is important to rule out conditions that can be confused with Alzheimer's.

Your doctor may advise some hospital tests, such as a brain scan, but in many cases the diagnosis can be made in the surgery.

How is Alzheimer's treated ?

A wide range of support is needed - in the early stages the patient may benefit from learning techniques to help their memory, eg, writing lists/reminders.

As the condition progresses, more care and support is required with everyday activities, eg, washing/dressing/eating.

Eventually full-time care may be needed for people with severe symptoms.

There are medicines which may help slow the progression of the disease in certain cases and your doctor will discuss these with you and your family.

Self-help

Talk to your doctor about any symptoms which may be Alzheimer's at an early stage.

Ask about help available to you.

Take regular exercise.

Get plenty of rest.

Eat a healthy diet.

Drink alcohol in moderation.

Stop smoking.

Try and accept offers of support.

Talk about your concerns with friends/family/ health professional.

Plan for the future as this is a long-term, progressive disease.

Remember that carers also need some support and regular breaks.

Disclaimer: This page is for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice or substituted for professional advice. Always consult your doctor with your questions and concerns.